Configurable Menu

Uses a JSON file served by a URL.

manifest.xml

@@ -1,5 +1,18 @@
 <?xml version="1.0"?>
-<!-- This is a generated file. It is highly recommended that you DO NOT edit this file. -->
+<!--
+
+   Distributed under MIT Licence
+     See https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant/blob/main/LICENSE.
+
+
+   GarminHomeAssistant is a Garmin IQ application written in Monkey C and routinely
+   tested on a Venu 2 device. The source code is provided at:
+              https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant.
+
+   P A Abbey & J D Abbey, 31 October 2023
+
+-->
+
 <iq:manifest version="3" xmlns:iq="http://www.garmin.com/xml/connectiq">
   <!--
         Use "Monkey C: Edit Application" from the Visual Studio Code command palette

resources/drawables/drawables.xml

@@ -1,3 +1,17 @@
+<!--
+
+   Distributed under MIT Licence
+     See https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant/blob/main/LICENSE.
+
+
+   GarminHomeAssistant is a Garmin IQ application written in Monkey C and routinely
+   tested on a Venu 2 device. The source code is provided at:
+              https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant.
+
+   P A Abbey & J D Abbey, 31 October 2023
+
+-->
+
 <drawables>
     <bitmap id="LauncherIcon" filename="launcher_icon.png" />
 </drawables>

resources/layouts/layout.xml

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-<layout id="MainLayout">
-    <label x="center" y="5" text="@Strings.prompt" color="Graphics.COLOR_BLACK" justification="Graphics.TEXT_JUSTIFY_CENTER" />
-    <!--
-    <bitmap id="id_monkey" x="center" y="30" filename="../drawables/monkey.png" />
-    -->
-</layout>

resources/menus/menu.xml

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-<menu id="MainMenu">
-    <menu-item id="item_1" label="@Strings.menu_label_1" />
-    <menu-item id="item_2" label="@Strings.menu_label_2" />
-</menu>

resources/settings/properties.xml

@@ -1,3 +1,26 @@
+<!--
+
+   Distributed under MIT Licence
+     See https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant/blob/main/LICENSE.
+
+
+   GarminHomeAssistant is a Garmin IQ application written in Monkey C and routinely
+   tested on a Venu 2 device. The source code is provided at:
+              https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant.
+
+   P A Abbey & J D Abbey, 31 October 2023
+
+-->
+
 <properties>
-  <property id="api_key" type="string"></property>
+  <property id="api_key"    type="string">eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpc3MiOiI1OTEzODI3NzhiNDI0MzU5OGVmYzY4ZmM2YzZiZTU3ZCIsImlhdCI6MTY5ODU3MDg0MywiZXhwIjoyMDEzOTMwODQzfQ.vskr0ERbnEXjB51vVHwlXosy3JK3v1znHzv8Hiej8zA</property>
+
+  <!--
+    Internal URL "https://homeassistant.local/api"
+    External URL "https://<dynamic DNS>/api"
+  -->
+  <property id="api_url"    type="string">https://home.abbey1.org.uk/api</property>
+
+  <!-- Best be a public URL in order to work away from your home LAN and have a trusted HTTPS certificate -->
+  <property id="config_url" type="string">https://home.abbey1.org.uk/local/garmin/philip.json</property>
 </properties>

resources/settings/settings.xml

@@ -1,3 +1,17 @@
+<!--
+
+   Distributed under MIT Licence
+     See https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant/blob/main/LICENSE.
+
+
+   GarminHomeAssistant is a Garmin IQ application written in Monkey C and routinely
+   tested on a Venu 2 device. The source code is provided at:
+              https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant.
+
+   P A Abbey & J D Abbey, 31 October 2023
+
+-->
+
 <settings>
   <setting
     propertyKey="@Properties.api_key"
@@ -8,4 +22,24 @@
       type="alphaNumeric"
     />
   </setting>
+
+  <setting
+    propertyKey="@Properties.api_url"
+    title="URL for Home Assistant API"
+    prompt="https://homeassistant.local/api"
+  >
+    <settingConfig
+      type="alphaNumeric"
+    />
+  </setting>
+
+  <setting
+    propertyKey="@Properties.config_url"
+    title="URL for menu configuration (JSON)"
+    prompt="https://homeassistant.local/local/garmin/menu.json"
+  >
+    <settingConfig
+      type="alphaNumeric"
+    />
+  </setting>
 </settings>

resources/strings/strings.xml

@@ -1,8 +1,17 @@
+<!--
+
+   Distributed under MIT Licence
+     See https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant/blob/main/LICENSE.
+
+
+   GarminHomeAssistant is a Garmin IQ application written in Monkey C and routinely
+   tested on a Venu 2 device. The source code is provided at:
+              https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant.
+
+   P A Abbey & J D Abbey, 31 October 2023
+
+-->
+
 <strings>
     <string id="AppName">HomeAssistant</string>
-
-    <string id="prompt">Click the menu button</string>
-
-    <string id="menu_label_1">Item 1</string>
-    <string id="menu_label_2">Item 2</string>
 </strings>

source/Alert.mc

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// Distributed under MIT Licence
+//   See https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant/blob/main/LICENSE.
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// GarminHomeAssistant is a Garmin IQ application written in Monkey C and routinely
+// tested on a Venu 2 device. The source code is provided at:
+//            https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant.
+//
+// J D Abbey & P A Abbey, 28 December 2022
+//
+//
+// Description:
+//
+// Alert provides a means to present application notifications to the user
+// briefly. Credit to travis.vitek on forums.garmin.com.
+//
+// Reference:
+//  * https://forums.garmin.com/developer/connect-iq/f/discussion/106/how-to-show-alert-messages
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+using Toybox.Lang;
+using Toybox.Graphics;
+using Toybox.WatchUi;
+using Toybox.Timer;
+
+const bRadius = 10;
+
+class Alert extends WatchUi.View {
+    hidden var timer;
+    hidden var timeout;
+    hidden var text;
+    hidden var font;
+    hidden var fgcolor;
+    hidden var bgcolor;
+
+    function initialize(params as Lang.Dictionary) {
+        View.initialize();
+
+        text = params.get(:text);
+        if (text == null) {
+            text = "Alert";
+        }
+
+        font = params.get(:font);
+        if (font == null) {
+            font = Graphics.FONT_MEDIUM;
+        }
+
+        fgcolor = params.get(:fgcolor);
+        if (fgcolor == null) {
+            fgcolor = Graphics.COLOR_BLACK;
+        }
+
+        bgcolor = params.get(:bgcolor);
+        if (bgcolor == null) {
+            bgcolor = Graphics.COLOR_WHITE;
+        }
+
+        timeout = params.get(:timeout);
+        if (timeout == null) {
+            timeout = 2000;
+        }
+
+        timer = new Timer.Timer();
+    }
+
+    function onShow() {
+        timer.start(method(:dismiss), timeout, false);
+    }
+
+    function onHide() {
+        timer.stop();
+    }
+
+    function onUpdate(dc) {
+        var tWidth  = dc.getTextWidthInPixels(text, font);
+        var tHeight = dc.getFontHeight(font);
+        var bWidth  = tWidth  + 20;
+        var bHeight = tHeight + 15;
+        var bX      = (dc.getWidth()  - bWidth)  / 2;
+        var bY      = (dc.getHeight() - bHeight) / 2;
+
+        if(dc has :setAntiAlias) {
+            dc.setAntiAlias(true);
+        }
+
+        dc.setColor(
+            Graphics.COLOR_WHITE,
+            Graphics.COLOR_TRANSPARENT
+        );
+        dc.clear();
+        dc.setColor(bgcolor, bgcolor);
+        dc.fillRoundedRectangle(bX, bY, bWidth, bHeight, bRadius);
+
+        dc.setColor(fgcolor, bgcolor);
+        for (var i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
+            bX      += i;
+            bY      += i;
+            bWidth  -= (2 * i);
+            bHeight -= (2 * i);
+            dc.drawRoundedRectangle(bX, bY, bWidth, bHeight, bRadius);
+        }
+
+        var tX = dc.getWidth() / 2;
+        var tY = bY + bHeight  / 2;
+        dc.setColor(fgcolor, bgcolor);
+        dc.drawText(tX, tY, font, text, Graphics.TEXT_JUSTIFY_CENTER | Graphics.TEXT_JUSTIFY_VCENTER);
+    }
+
+    // Remove the alert from view, usually on user input, but that is defined by the calling function.
+    //
+    function dismiss() {
+        WatchUi.popView(SLIDE_IMMEDIATE);
+    }
+
+    function pushView(transition) {
+        WatchUi.pushView(self, new AlertDelegate(self), transition);
+    }
+}
+
+class AlertDelegate extends WatchUi.InputDelegate {
+    hidden var mView;
+
+    function initialize(view) {
+        InputDelegate.initialize();
+        mView = view;
+    }
+
+    function onKey(evt) {
+        mView.dismiss();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    function onTap(evt) {
+        mView.dismiss();
+        return true;
+    }
+}

source/Globals.mc

@@ -1,3 +1,23 @@
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// Distributed under MIT Licence
+//   See https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant/blob/main/LICENSE.
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// GarminHomeAssistant is a Garmin IQ application written in Monkey C and routinely
+// tested on a Venu 2 device. The source code is provided at:
+//            https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant.
+//
+// P A Abbey & J D Abbey, 31 October 2023
+//
+//
+// Description:
+//
+// Home Assistant centralised constants.
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
 using Toybox.Lang;
 
 class Globals {
@@ -5,11 +25,5 @@ class Globals {
     // as the messages can't be read from a watch!)
     static const debug          = false;
     static const updateInterval = 5;    // seconds
-//    static hidden const apiUrl  = "https://homeassistant.local/api";
+    static const alertTimeout   = 1000; // ms
-    static hidden const apiUrl  = "https://home.abbey1.org.uk/api";
-
-    static function getApiUrl() {
-        return apiUrl;
-    }
-
 }

source/HomeAssistantApp.mc

@@ -1,24 +1,108 @@
-import Toybox.Application;
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-import Toybox.Lang;
+//
-import Toybox.WatchUi;
+// Distributed under MIT Licence
+//   See https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant/blob/main/LICENSE.
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// GarminHomeAssistant is a Garmin IQ application written in Monkey C and routinely
+// tested on a Venu 2 device. The source code is provided at:
+//            https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant.
+//
+// P A Abbey & J D Abbey, 31 October 2023
+//
+//
+// Description:
+//
+// Application root for GarminHomeAssistant.
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+using Toybox.Application;
+using Toybox.Lang;
+using Toybox.WatchUi;
+using Toybox.Application.Properties;
+using Toybox.Timer;
 
 class HomeAssistantApp extends Application.AppBase {
+    hidden var haMenu;
+    hidden var timer as Timer.Timer;
 
     function initialize() {
         AppBase.initialize();
+        timer = new Timer.Timer();
     }
 
     // onStart() is called on application start up
-    function onStart(state as Dictionary?) as Void {
+    function onStart(state as Lang.Dictionary?) as Void {
+        fetchMenuConfig();
     }
 
     // onStop() is called when your application is exiting
-    function onStop(state as Dictionary?) as Void {
+    function onStop(state as Lang.Dictionary?) as Void {
+        if (timer != null) {
+            timer.stop();
+        }
     }
 
     // Return the initial view of your application here
-    function getInitialView() as Array<Views or InputDelegates>? {
+    function getInitialView() as Lang.Array<WatchUi.Views or WatchUi.InputDelegates>? {
-        return [ new HomeAssistantView(), new HomeAssistantViewDelegate() ] as Array<Views or InputDelegates>;
+        return [new WatchUi.View(), new WatchUi.BehaviorDelegate()] as Lang.Array<WatchUi.Views or WatchUi.InputDelegates>;
+    }
+
+    // Callback function after completing the GET request to fetch the configuration menu.
+    //
+    function onReturnFetchMenuConfig(responseCode as Lang.Number, data as Null or Lang.Dictionary or Lang.String) as Void {
+        if (Globals.debug) {
+            System.println("HomeAssistantApp onReturnFetchMenuConfig() Response Code: " + responseCode);
+            System.println("HomeAssistantApp onReturnFetchMenuConfig() Response Data: " + data);
+        }
+        if (responseCode == 200) {
+            haMenu = new HomeAssistantView(data, null);
+            timer.start(
+                haMenu.method(:stateUpdate),
+                Globals.updateInterval * 1000,
+                true
+            );
+            WatchUi.switchToView(haMenu, new HomeAssistantViewDelegate(), WatchUi.SLIDE_IMMEDIATE);
+        } else {
+            if (Globals.debug) {
+                System.println("HomeAssistantApp Note - onReturnFetchMenuConfig(): Configuration not found or potential validation issue.");
+            }
+            new Alert({
+                :timeout => Globals.alertTimeout,
+                :font    => Graphics.FONT_SYSTEM_MEDIUM,
+                :text    => "Error " + responseCode,
+                :fgcolor => Graphics.COLOR_RED,
+                :bgcolor => Graphics.COLOR_BLACK
+            }).pushView(WatchUi.SLIDE_IMMEDIATE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    function fetchMenuConfig() as Void {
+        var options = {
+            :method  => Communications.HTTP_REQUEST_METHOD_GET,
+            :responseType => Communications.HTTP_RESPONSE_CONTENT_TYPE_JSON
+        };
+        if (System.getDeviceSettings().phoneConnected && System.getDeviceSettings().connectionAvailable) {
+            Communications.makeWebRequest(
+                Properties.getValue("config_url"),
+                null,
+                options,
+                method(:onReturnFetchMenuConfig)
+            );
+        } else {
+            if (Globals.debug) {
+                System.println("HomeAssistantApp Note - fetchMenuConfig(): No Internet connection, skipping API call.");
+            }
+            new Alert({
+                :timeout => Globals.alertTimeout,
+                :font    => Graphics.FONT_SYSTEM_MEDIUM,
+                :text    => "No Internet connection",
+                :fgcolor => Graphics.COLOR_RED,
+                :bgcolor => Graphics.COLOR_BLACK
+            }).pushView(WatchUi.SLIDE_IMMEDIATE);
+        }
     }
 
 }

source/HomeAssistantMenuItem.mc

@@ -1,6 +1,26 @@
-import Toybox.Lang;
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-import Toybox.WatchUi;
+//
-import Toybox.Graphics;
+// Distributed under MIT Licence
+//   See https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant/blob/main/LICENSE.
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// GarminHomeAssistant is a Garmin IQ application written in Monkey C and routinely
+// tested on a Venu 2 device. The source code is provided at:
+//            https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant.
+//
+// P A Abbey & J D Abbey, 31 October 2023
+//
+//
+// Description:
+//
+// Menu button that triggers a script.
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+using Toybox.Lang;
+using Toybox.WatchUi;
+using Toybox.Graphics;
 using Toybox.Application.Properties;
 
 class HomeAssistantMenuItem extends WatchUi.MenuItem {
@@ -11,7 +31,7 @@ class HomeAssistantMenuItem extends WatchUi.MenuItem {
         subLabel as Lang.String or Lang.Symbol or Null,
         identifier as Lang.Object or Null,
         options as {
-            :alignment as MenuItem.Alignment,
+            :alignment as WatchUi.MenuItem.Alignment,
             :icon      as Graphics.BitmapType or WatchUi.Drawable or Lang.Symbol
         } or Null
     ) {
@@ -51,7 +71,7 @@ class HomeAssistantMenuItem extends WatchUi.MenuItem {
             :responseType => Communications.HTTP_RESPONSE_CONTENT_TYPE_JSON
         };
         if (System.getDeviceSettings().phoneConnected && System.getDeviceSettings().connectionAvailable) {
-            var url = Globals.getApiUrl() + "/services/" + mIdentifier.substring(0, mIdentifier.find(".")) + "/" + mIdentifier.substring(mIdentifier.find(".")+1, null);
+            var url = Properties.getValue("api_url") + "/services/" + mIdentifier.substring(0, mIdentifier.find(".")) + "/" + mIdentifier.substring(mIdentifier.find(".")+1, null);
             if (Globals.debug) {
                 System.println("URL=" + url);
                 System.println("mIdentifier=" + mIdentifier);

source/HomeAssistantToggleMenuItem.mc

@@ -1,14 +1,32 @@
-import Toybox.Lang;
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-import Toybox.WatchUi;
+//
-import Toybox.Graphics;
+// Distributed under MIT Licence
+//   See https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant/blob/main/LICENSE.
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// GarminHomeAssistant is a Garmin IQ application written in Monkey C and routinely
+// tested on a Venu 2 device. The source code is provided at:
+//            https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant.
+//
+// P A Abbey & J D Abbey, 31 October 2023
+//
+//
+// Description:
+//
+// Light or switch toggle button that calls the API to maintain the up to date state.
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+using Toybox.Lang;
+using Toybox.WatchUi;
+using Toybox.Graphics;
 using Toybox.Application.Properties;
 
 class HomeAssistantToggleMenuItem extends WatchUi.ToggleMenuItem {
     hidden var api_key = Properties.getValue("api_key");
-    hidden var menu;
 
     function initialize(
-        menu as HomeAssistantView,
         label as Lang.String or Lang.Symbol,
         subLabel as Lang.String or Lang.Symbol or {
             :enabled  as Lang.String or Lang.Symbol or Null,
@@ -17,25 +35,25 @@ class HomeAssistantToggleMenuItem extends WatchUi.ToggleMenuItem {
         identifier,
         enabled as Lang.Boolean,
         options as {
-            :alignment as MenuItem.Alignment,
+            :alignment as WatchUi.MenuItem.Alignment,
             :icon as Graphics.BitmapType or WatchUi.Drawable or Lang.Symbol
         } or Null
     ) {
         WatchUi.ToggleMenuItem.initialize(label, subLabel, identifier, enabled, options);
         api_key = Properties.getValue("api_key");
-        self.menu = menu;
     }
 
     private function setUiToggle(state as Null or Lang.String) as Void {
         if (state != null) {
             if (state.equals("on") && !isEnabled()) {
                 setEnabled(true);
+                WatchUi.requestUpdate();
             } else if (state.equals("off") && isEnabled()) {
                 setEnabled(false);
-            }
                 WatchUi.requestUpdate();
             }
         }
+    }
 
     // Callback function after completing the GET request to fetch the status.
     //
@@ -65,7 +83,7 @@ class HomeAssistantToggleMenuItem extends WatchUi.ToggleMenuItem {
             :responseType => Communications.HTTP_RESPONSE_CONTENT_TYPE_JSON
         };
         if (System.getDeviceSettings().phoneConnected && System.getDeviceSettings().connectionAvailable) {
-            var url = Globals.getApiUrl() + "/states/" + mIdentifier;
+            var url = Properties.getValue("api_url") + "/states/" + mIdentifier;
             if (Globals.debug) {
                 System.println("URL=" + url);
             }
@@ -116,9 +134,9 @@ class HomeAssistantToggleMenuItem extends WatchUi.ToggleMenuItem {
         if (System.getDeviceSettings().phoneConnected && System.getDeviceSettings().connectionAvailable) {
             var url;
             if (s) {
-                url = Globals.getApiUrl() + "/services/" + mIdentifier.substring(0, mIdentifier.find(".")) + "/turn_on";
+                url = Properties.getValue("api_url") + "/services/" + mIdentifier.substring(0, mIdentifier.find(".")) + "/turn_on";
             } else {
-                url = Globals.getApiUrl() + "/services/" + mIdentifier.substring(0, mIdentifier.find(".")) + "/turn_off";
+                url = Properties.getValue("api_url") + "/services/" + mIdentifier.substring(0, mIdentifier.find(".")) + "/turn_off";
             }
             if (Globals.debug) {
                 System.println("URL=" + url);

source/HomeAssistantView.mc

@@ -1,93 +1,89 @@
-import Toybox.Lang;
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-import Toybox.Graphics;
+//
-import Toybox.WatchUi;
+// Distributed under MIT Licence
+//   See https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant/blob/main/LICENSE.
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// GarminHomeAssistant is a Garmin IQ application written in Monkey C and routinely
+// tested on a Venu 2 device. The source code is provided at:
+//            https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant.
+//
+// P A Abbey & J D Abbey, 31 October 2023
+//
+//
+// Description:
+//
+// Home Assistant menu construction.
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+using Toybox.Lang;
+using Toybox.Graphics;
+using Toybox.WatchUi;
 
 class HomeAssistantView extends WatchUi.Menu2 {
-    hidden var timer;
-
-    function initialize() {
-        timer = new Timer.Timer();
 
+    function initialize(
+        definition as Lang.Dictionary,
+        options as {
+            :focus as Lang.Number,
+            :icon  as Graphics.BitmapType or WatchUi.Drawable or Lang.Symbol,
+            :theme as WatchUi.MenuTheme or Null
+        } or Null
+    ) {
         var toggle_obj = {
             :enabled  => "On",
             :disabled => "Off"
         };
 
-        WatchUi.Menu2.initialize({
+        if (options == null) {
-            :title => "Entities"
+            options = {
-        });
+                :title => definition.get("title") as Lang.String
+            };
+        } else {
+            options.put(:title, definition.get("title") as Lang.String);
+        }
+        WatchUi.Menu2.initialize(options);
+
+        var items = definition.get("items") as Lang.Dictionary;
+        for(var i = 0; i < items.size(); i++) {
+            var type   = items[i].get("type")   as Lang.String or Null;
+            var name   = items[i].get("name")   as Lang.String or Null;
+            var entity = items[i].get("entity") as Lang.String or Null;
+            if (type != null && name != null && entity != null) {
+                if (type.equals("toggle")) {
                     addItem(
                         new HomeAssistantToggleMenuItem(
-                self,
+                            name,
-                "Bedroom Light",
                             toggle_obj,
-                "light.philip_s_bedside_light_switch",
+                            entity,
-                false,
-                null
-            )
-        );
-        addItem(
-            new HomeAssistantToggleMenuItem(
-                self,
-                "Lounge Lights",
-                toggle_obj,
-                "light.living_room_ambient_lights_all",
                             false,
                             null
                         )
                     );
+                } else if (type.equals("tap")) {
                     addItem(
                         new HomeAssistantMenuItem(
-                "Food is Ready!",
+                            name,
-                null,
+                            "Tap",
-                "script.food_is_ready",
+                            entity,
                             null
                         )
                     );
-        // addItem(
+                } else if (type.equals("group")) {
-        //     new HomeAssistantMenuItem(
-        //         "Test Script",
-        //         null,
-        //         "script.test",
-        //         null
-        //     )
-        // );
                     addItem(
-            new HomeAssistantToggleMenuItem(
+                        new HomeAssistantViewMenuItem(items[i])
-                self,
-                "Bookcase USBs",
-                toggle_obj,
-                "switch.bookcase_usbs",
-                false,
-                null
-            )
-        );
-        addItem(
-            new HomeAssistantToggleMenuItem(
-                self,
-                "Corner Table USBs",
-                toggle_obj,
-                "switch.corner_table_usbs",
-                false,
-                null
-            )
                     );
                 }
-
+            }
-    // Load your resources here
+        }
-    function onLayout(dc as Dc) as Void {
-        setLayout(Rez.Layouts.MainLayout(dc));
     }
 
     // Called when this View is brought to the foreground. Restore
     // the state of this View and prepare it to be shown. This includes
     // loading resources into memory.
     function onShow() as Void {
-        timer.start(
-            method(:timerUpdate),
-            Globals.updateInterval * 1000,
-            true
-        );
         for(var i = 0; i < mItems.size(); i++) {
             if (mItems[i] instanceof HomeAssistantToggleMenuItem) {
                 var toggleItem = mItems[i] as HomeAssistantToggleMenuItem;
@@ -99,26 +95,20 @@ class HomeAssistantView extends WatchUi.Menu2 {
         }
     }
 
-    // Update the view
+    function stateUpdate() as Void {
-    function onUpdate(dc as Dc) as Void {
-        View.onUpdate(dc);
-    }
-
-    // Called when this View is removed from the screen. Save the
-    // state of this View here. This includes freeing resources from
-    // memory.
-    function onHide() as Void {
-        timer.stop();
-    }
-
-    function timerUpdate() as Void {
         for(var i = 0; i < mItems.size(); i++) {
             if (mItems[i] instanceof HomeAssistantToggleMenuItem) {
                 var toggleItem = mItems[i] as HomeAssistantToggleMenuItem;
                 toggleItem.getState();
                 if (Globals.debug) {
-                    System.println("HomeAssistantView Note: " + toggleItem.getLabel() + " ID=" + toggleItem.getId() + " Enabled=" + toggleItem.isEnabled());
+                    System.println("HomeAssistantView Toggle stateUpdate: " + toggleItem.getLabel() + " ID=" + toggleItem.getId() + " Enabled=" + toggleItem.isEnabled());
                 }
+            } else if (mItems[i] instanceof HomeAssistantViewMenuItem) {
+                var menu = mItems[i] as HomeAssistantViewMenuItem;
+                if (Globals.debug) {
+                    System.println("HomeAssistantView Menu stateUpdate: " + menu.getLabel() + " ID=" + menu.getId());
+                }
+                menu.getMenuView().stateUpdate();
             }
         }
     }
@@ -144,6 +134,13 @@ class HomeAssistantViewDelegate extends WatchUi.Menu2InputDelegate {
                 System.println(haItem.getLabel() + " " + haItem.getId());
             }
             haItem.execScript();
+        } else if (item instanceof HomeAssistantViewMenuItem) {
+            var haMenuItem = item as HomeAssistantViewMenuItem;
+            if (Globals.debug) {
+                System.println("Menu: " + haMenuItem.getLabel() + " " + haMenuItem.getId());
+            }
+            // No delegate state to be amended, so re-use 'self'.
+            WatchUi.pushView(haMenuItem.getMenuView(), self, WatchUi.SLIDE_LEFT);
         } else {
             if (Globals.debug) {
                 System.println(item.getLabel() + " " + item.getId());
@@ -151,4 +148,16 @@ class HomeAssistantViewDelegate extends WatchUi.Menu2InputDelegate {
         }
     }
 
+    function onSwipe(swipeEvent) as Lang.Boolean {
+        switch (swipeEvent.getDirection()) {
+            case WatchUi.SWIPE_RIGHT:
+                WatchUi.popView(WatchUi.SLIDE_RIGHT);
+                break;
+
+            default:
+                // Do nothing
+                break;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
 }

source/HomeAssistantViewMenuItem.mc

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// Distributed under MIT Licence
+//   See https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant/blob/main/LICENSE.
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// GarminHomeAssistant is a Garmin IQ application written in Monkey C and routinely
+// tested on a Venu 2 device. The source code is provided at:
+//            https://github.com/house-of-abbey/GarminHomeAssistant.
+//
+// P A Abbey & J D Abbey, 31 October 2023
+//
+//
+// Description:
+//
+// Menu button that opens a sub-menu.
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+using Toybox.Lang;
+using Toybox.WatchUi;
+
+class HomeAssistantViewMenuItem extends WatchUi.MenuItem {
+    hidden var menu as HomeAssistantView;
+
+    function initialize(definition as Lang.Dictionary) {
+        // definitions.get(...) are Strings here as they have been checked by HomeAssistantView first
+        WatchUi.MenuItem.initialize(
+            definition.get("name") as Lang.String,
+            "Menu",
+            definition.get("entity") as Lang.String,
+            null
+        );
+
+        menu = new HomeAssistantView(definition, null);
+    }
+
+    function getMenuView() as HomeAssistantView {
+        return menu;
+    }
+
+}